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2024年機(jī)考SAT的難度變化趨勢(shì)分析~

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024/12/23 15:17:54

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整體上來(lái)講，2024年的機(jī)考難度是比2023年高的，尤其是hard模式下的module 2部分。但這有一個(gè)很重要的前提，就是不考慮重題的情況下。因?yàn)樵匐y的題目，只要提前做過(guò)了，難度就會(huì)大打折扣。

整體上，機(jī)考SAT閱讀的難度提升還是從以下幾個(gè)方面實(shí)現(xiàn)：

1.詞匯

詞匯方面主要是對(duì)詞匯量提出了更高的要求，這點(diǎn)在是詞匯題的選項(xiàng)中體現(xiàn)的尤為明顯，出現(xiàn)了類(lèi)似“spurious”“sanguine”“recalcitrant”“demarcate”“harbinger”這種SAT較少見(jiàn)GRE/GMAT較常見(jiàn)的詞匯。

除了詞匯題之外，常規(guī)的閱讀理解題中的難詞也以比較“扎眼”的方式出現(xiàn)。也就是說(shuō)，整篇文章整體的詞匯難度是不高的，但是突然會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)比較難的單詞，而且這個(gè)單詞會(huì)一定程度上影響對(duì)于文本的理解。比如2024年10月亞太的一段文本：

Eighteenth-century economist Adam Smith is famed for his metaphor of the invisible hand, which he putatively used to illustrate a robust model of how individuals produce aggregate benefits by pursuing their own economic interests. Note "putatively": as Gavin Kennedy has shown, Smith deploys this metaphor only once in his economic writings—to make a narrow point about the then-dominant economic theory of mercantilism—and it was largely ignored until some twentieth-century economists eager to secure an intellectual pedigree for their views elevated it to a fully-fledged paradigm.

"putatively"這個(gè)詞就很“扎眼”，妥妥的GRE難度的詞匯了。雖然不認(rèn)識(shí)也可以根據(jù)上下文猜一猜，但是一來(lái)它會(huì)搞心態(tài)，二來(lái)這個(gè)詞還是比較重要的，直接認(rèn)識(shí)的話，不管是對(duì)于文本的理解還是速度，都有非常大的幫助。

不僅是文本，選項(xiàng)中也會(huì)有這樣的“詞匯刺客”。同樣是2024年10月亞太的一道題：

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

A. To convey the speaker's longing for the ocean to impart a sense of inner tranquility

B. To contrast the demands of the speaker's everyday life with the serenity of being rocked to sleep by the ocean

C. To illustrate the increasing intensity of the speaker's desire to escape ongoing hardship by gliding on the ocean

D. To justify the speaker's qualms about being transported by the ocean to a quiet destination

高亮的單詞對(duì)很多學(xué)生來(lái)講，都是蠻有挑戰(zhàn)的。

2.長(zhǎng)難句

雖然一直以來(lái)SAT的文本都不簡(jiǎn)單，但機(jī)考SAT中的長(zhǎng)難句確實(shí)要比以往要更多了一些，這個(gè)和考試的形式變化也是分不開(kāi)的：通過(guò)增加句長(zhǎng)來(lái)緩沖篇幅變短所帶來(lái)的難度下降。

經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)段落其實(shí)就2-3句話，其中某一句話占文本一半以上。比如2024年北美11月的這道題：

Mauricio Drelichman and Hans-Joachim Voth's research on the fiscal vulnerability of Philip Ⅱ (who ruled not only Spain but other regions including much of Belgium from 1556 to 1598) builds on other studies of European early modern state finance, including Hoffman and Norberg's work on the relationship between state finance and political development. But Drelichman and Voth's unique contribution is their reconstruction of the earliest extant set of annual fiscal records for any sovereign state, which demonstrate that Philip's defaults were caused by short-term liquidity crises, not long-term unsustainable debts.

整個(gè)文本就2句話，每句話的信息量都很大

3.文本邏輯

除了以上所講的在詞匯和長(zhǎng)難句這兩個(gè)“語(yǔ)言”層面的難度上升之外，2024年的機(jī)考整體上在文本邏輯上的難度也在提升。這點(diǎn)不僅在我們接下來(lái)要提到的部分直接考查邏輯的題型上如此，在常規(guī)的閱讀理解上也是如此，例如2024年6月亞太的一道題：

Thomas Piketty and other historians of capitalism rarely discuss domestic capitalism in Africa before the period of European colonization, implicitly presenting capitalism as external to and imposed on Africa. John Iliffe and other Africanist scholars have shown, however, that in parts of Africa, export-oriented manufacturing, the formalization of individual land ownership, and other features of capitalism predated colonization. One reason for this discrepancy is that historians of capitalism tend to focus on longitudinal economic data drawn from archival records, which do not exist for much of precolonial Africa.

Which statement about Iliffe and other Africanist scholars is best supported by information in the text?

A. They likely differ from historians of capitalism in the methods they use to derive longitudinal economic data from archival records.

B. They likely have a different view about which activities should be considered capitalist in nature than historians of capitalism do.

C. They likely view capitalism as having been more beneficial for Africa than historians of capitalism do.

D. They likely make use of different types of evidence than historians of capitalism typically rely on.

要想做對(duì)這道題，不僅要讀出前兩句話之間的對(duì)立關(guān)系，還要讀出zui后一句話與前文的因果關(guān)系，并且基于這些信息之間的“對(duì)立”和“因果”的邏輯進(jìn)行推理，才能得到正確答案。

4.推理題和strengthen/weaken題目難度變化明顯

整體上來(lái)講，難度提升zui大的題目還是在改革之后新出現(xiàn)的推理題和strengthen/weaken題上。這兩類(lèi)題目變難的方式就是增加信息量和信息的轉(zhuǎn)換次數(shù)，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，大多數(shù)學(xué)生要么是被“繞暈”了，要么就是時(shí)間來(lái)不及。比如2024年4月的一道推理題：

Although the language of the Olmec civilization, which flourished in southern Mexico circa 1500 BCE-400 BCE, hasn't been identified, it likely belonged to the Mixe-Zoquean family, a group of related languages whose present-day representatives are spoken in an area corresponding to ancient Olmec sites. The family can be subdivided into a Zoque branch, which includes the modern language Chimalapa Zoque, and a Mixe branch, which includes the modern language North Central Mixe. Many words in the Mayan languages—languages spoken in the region but otherwise unrelated to the Mixe-Zoquean family—are Mixe-Zoquean in origin and were likely borrowed during the period when the Olmecs dominated the entire region. Tellingly, these words derive from the Zoque branch, suggesting that ________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A. the language of the Olmec civilization was likely the founding language of the family that includes Chimalapa Zoque and North Central Mixe.

B. Chimalapa Zoque and other languages in the Zoque branch weren't supplanted by languages in the Mixe branch until after 400 BCE.

C. Chimalapa Zoque is more likely to have evolved from the language of the Olmec civilization than North Central Mixe is.

D. the language of the Olmec civilization made contributions not only to the vocabulary of the Mayan languages but also to the vocabulary of North Central Mixe and other languages in the Mixe branch.

一小段文本中提到了五種不同的語(yǔ)言及其之間的關(guān)系，并根據(jù)這個(gè)關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理。而且出題人會(huì)故意選取一些奇怪的專(zhuān)業(yè)名詞來(lái)增加難度，很多學(xué)生在這個(gè)過(guò)程中會(huì)感到一片混亂，理不清楚，在時(shí)間緊張的情況下就更加糟糕了

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